Two sex rave parties in Spain and Belgium likely led to the outbreak of the rare disease Monkeypox in t🌼he developed West, according to a leading adviser to the World Health Organization.
Dr David Heymann, wh✃o formerly headed WHO's emergencies department, described the current outbreak to AP in an interview as “a random event”. He added that the leading theory to explain the spread of the disease was sexual transmission among gay and bisexual men at two raves.
He said, “We knowဣ monkeypox can spread when there is close contact with the lesions of someone who is infected, and it looks like sexual contact has now amplified that transmission.&q𝓰uot;
That marks a significant departure from the diseas🐬e's typical pattern of spread in central and western Africa, where people are mainly infected by animals like wild rodents and primates and outbreaks have꧑ not spilled across borders.
A German government report to lawmakers, obtained by the AP, said it expected to see fur♋ther cases and that the risk of catching monkeypox "mainly appears to lie witᩚᩚᩚᩚᩚᩚᩚᩚᩚ𒀱ᩚᩚᩚh sexual contacts among men”.
The four confirmed cases in German𝓡y have been linked to exposure at “party events including on Gran Canaria and in Berlin, where sexual activity took pla𒁃ce, said the report.
To date, WHO has recorded more than 90 cases of monkeypox in a dozen countries including Britain, Spain, Israel, France, 🃏Switzerland, the US and Australia. On Monday, Denmark announced its first case and Portugal revised its total upwards to 37 and Italy reported one further infection.
Madrid's senior health official said on ♔Monday that the Spanish✃ capital has recorded 30 confirmed cases so far.
Enrique Ruiz Escudero said authorities are inv🙈estigating possible links between a recent Gay Pride event in the Canary Islands, which drew some 80,000 people, and cases at a Madrid sauna.
Heymann chaired an urgent meeting of WHO's advisory group on infectious disease threats on Friday to asses🃏s the ongoing epidemic and said there was no evidence to suggest that monkeypox might have mutated into a more infectious form.
Monkeypox typically causes fever, chills, rash, and lesions on the face or genitals. It can be spread through close contact wꦿith an infected person or their clothing or bedsheets, but sexual transmission has not yet been documented.
Most people recover from the disease within several weeks without requiring hospitalisation. Vaccines against smallpox, a related disease, are also effective in preventing monkeypox and some antivi🔥ꦐral drugs are being developed.
In recent🦂 years, the disease has been fatal in up to 6 per cent of infections, but no deaths have been reported among the current cases.
WHO said confirmed cases have so far been the less severe West African group of monkeypox viruse🧸s and appeared to be linked to a virus that was first detected in exported cases from Nigeria to Britain, Israel and Singapore in 2018-2019♓.
The UN agency said the outbreak is “a highly unusual event” and said the fওact that cases are being seen in so many different countries suggests the disease may have been silently spreadin𒆙g for some time.
The agency's Europe direc💟tor warned that as summer begins across the continent, mass gatherings, festivals and parties could accelerate the spread of monkeypox.
Other scientists have pointed out that it will be difficult to disentangle wheth💎erꦏ it is sex itself or the close contact related to sex that has driven the recent spread of monkeypox across Europe.
“By nature, sexual 🤡acꦫtivity involves intimate contact, which one would expect to increase the likelihood of transmission, whatever a person's sexual orientation and irrespective of the mode of transmission," said Mike Skinner, a virologist at Imperial College London.
On Sunday, the chief medical adviser of Britain's Health Security Agency, Dr Susan Hopkins, said she expected more monkeypox cases to be identified i🐼n the country “on a daily basis”.
UK 𝄹🎃officials have said “a notable proportion” of the cases in Britain and Europe have been in young men with no history of travel to Africa and who are gay, bisexual or have sex with men.
Authorities in Portugal and Spain also said their cases were in men who🍬 mostly had sex with other men and whose infections were picked up when they sought help for lesions at sexual 🐠health clinics.
Heymann, who is also a professor of infectious diseases at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, said the monkeypox outbreak was likely a r🍎andom event that might be traceable to a single infection.
“It's very possible there was somebody who got infected, developed lesions on the genitals, h🧸ands or somewhere else, and then spread it to others when there was sexual or close, physical contact,” Heymann hypothesised.
“And then there were these international events that seeded the outbreak ﷽around the world, into the U.S. and other European countries.”
He emphasised that the disease was unlikely to tr꧙igger widespread transmission.
He said, “This is not Covi꧒d. We need to slow it down, but it does not spread in the air and we have vaccines to protect against it.”
Heymann said studies should be conducted rapidly to determine if monkeypox could be spread🍸 by ♏people without symptoms and that populations at risk of the disease should take precautions to protect themselves.
The unusual spread of the rare disease has confused experts in Africa.
“I'm stunned by this. Every day I wake up and there are more countries infected,” said Oyewale Tomori, a virologist who formerly headed the Nigerian Academy of Science and who sits on several World Health Organization advisory boards. He added, "This is not the kind of spread we've seen in West Africa, so there may 🐟be something new h♎appening in the West."
(With AP inputs)
